Skeleton weed publications
The following are CSIRO’s publications related to the biological control of skeleton weed and some other weeds.
Key publications
Sheppard AW, Briese DT, Cullen JM, Groves RH, Julien MH, Lonsdale WM, Scott JK, Wapshere AJ, 2008, Fortieth anniversary review of the CSIRO European Laboratory: does native range research provide good return on investment? In: Proceedings of the XII International Symposium on Biological Control of Weeds, La Grande Motte, France, 22-27 April, 2007. [Eds. Julien MH, Sforza R, Bon MC, Evans HC, Hatcher PE, Hinz HL, Rector BG], pp. 91-100.
Wapshere AJ, Hasan S, Wahba WK, Caresche L (1974) The ecology of Chondrilla juncea in the western Mediterranea. Journal of Applied Ecology 11: 783‑780.
Wapshere AJ, 1975, A protocol for programmes for biological control of weeds. PANS. 21, 3: 295-303.
Book chapters
Cullen JM, 2012, ‘Chondrilla juncea L. – skeleton weed’. In: ‘Biological control of Weeds in Australia’, Julien M, McFadyen R, Cullen J, (eds), pp 150-161, CSIRO.
Page AR, Lacey KL, 2006, Chondrilla juncea (skeleton weed). In: Economic impact assessment of Australian weed biological control. pp 65‑66. CRC for Australian Weed Management, Adelaide, Australia.
Julien MH, Griffiths MW, 1998, Biological Control of Weeds: a world catalogue of agents and their target weeds. 4th Edition. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, UK.
Wapshere AJ, 1989, Chapter 32 ‘Biological Control of Mallee Weeds’. In: Mediterranean Landscapes In Australia: Mallee Ecosystems And Their Management‘. Ed. J. Noble & R. Bradstock: 443-463. CSIRO, Melbourne.
Wapshere AJ, 1982, Chapter 4. Biological control of weeds. In: Biology And Ecology Of Weeds, [Eds. W. Holzner and N. Numata], The Hague.
Groves RH, Cullen JM, 1980, Chondrilla juncea: the ecological control of a weed. In: The Ecology of Pests: Some Australian case histories. (Eds. RL Kitching and RE Jones) pp. 6‑17. CSIRO, Melbourne, Australia.
Marsden JS, Martin GE, Parham DJ, Ridsdill-Smith TJ, Johnston BJ, 1980, Returns on Agricultural Research. CSIRO, Melbourne, Australia.
Papers
Wapshere AJ, 1990, Biological control of grass weeds in Australia, an appraisal. Plant Prot. Quarterly, 5: 62-75.
Wapshere AJ, 1989. A testing sequence for reducing rejection of potential biological control agents for weeds. Ann. Appl. Biol. 114: 515-526.
Wapshere AJ, Delfosse ES, Cullen JM, 1989, Recent developments in biological control of weeds. Crop Protection, 8: 227-250.
Wapshere AJ, 1988, Prospects for the of biological control of silver-leaf nightshade, Solanum elaeagnifolium, in Australia. Aust. J. Agric. Res. 39: 187-97
Wapshere AJ 1986. Implications of the source of weeds in Australia for the development of bioherbicides. J. Aust. Inst. Agric Science. 53: 191-196.
Wapshere AJ, Helm KF, 1986, Phylloxera and Vitis : an experimentally testable co-evolutionary hypothesis. Americ. J. Enology & Viticulture 38: 216-222
Wapshere AJ, 1985, Effectiveness in biological control of weeds: present quandaries. Agric. Ecosystems & Environ. 13: 261-280.
Wapshere AJ, 1985, The phytophagous guild on Echium in the western Mediterranean and the biological control of the weed, Echium plantagineum Acta Oecologica : Oecol. Applic. 6: 331-338.
Cullen JM, Moore AD, 1983, The influence of three populations of Aceria chondrillae on three forms of Chondrilla juncea. Journal of Applied Ecology 20: 235‑243.
Wapshere AJ, 1983, Discovery and testing of a climatically adapted strain of Longitarsus jacobaeae (Col.: Chrysomelidae) for Australia. Entomophaga 28: 27-32.
Wapshere AJ, 1983, Problems in the use of plant biochemistry for establishing the safety of biological control agents for weeds. The Chondrilla and Echium/Heliotropium cases: Entomophaga, 28: 287-294.
Vayssieres JF, Wapshere AJ, 1983, Life histories and host specificities of Ceutorhynchus geographicus (Goeze) and C. larvatus Schultze (Coleoperta: Curculionidae), potential biological control agents for Echium. Bull. Ent. Res., 73: 431-440.
Cullen JM, Groves RH, Alex JF, 1982, The influence of Aceria chondrillae on the growth and reproductive capacity of Chondrilla juncea. Journal of Applied Ecology 19: 529‑537.
Wapshere AJ, 1982, The life histories and specificities of the Echium flea beetles Longitarsus echii Koch and Longitarsus aeneus Kutsch (Col.: Chrysomelidae). Entomophaga, 27: 173-181
Burdon JJ, Groves RH, Cullen JM, 1981, The impact of biological control on the distribution and abundance of Chondrilla juncea in south-eastern Australia. Journal of Applied Ecology 18: 957‑966.
Wapshere AJ, 1979, Recent progress in the biological control of weeds. E.P.P.O. Bull. 9: 95-105.
Kirk AA, Wapshere AJ, 1979, The life history and host specificity of the Echium borer, Phytoecia coerulescens (Col.: Cerambycidae). Entomophaga 24: 423-430
Cullen JM, Groves RH, 1978, The population biology of Chondrilla juncea L. in Australia. Proceedings of the Ecological Society of Australia 10: 121‑134.
Hasan S, Wapshere AJ, 1977, Biology and host specificity of the Chondrilla crown moth, Oporopsamma wertheimsteini (Rebel) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research 67: 619‑625.
Wapshere AJ, Kirk AA, 1977, The biology and host specificity of the Echium leaf miner Dialectica scalariella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae). Bull. Ent. Res. 67: 627-633.
Wapshere AJ, Caresche L, Hasan S, 1976, The ecology of Chondrilla in the eastern Mediterranean. Journal of Applied Ecology 13: 545‑553.
Caresche LA, Wapshere AJ, 1975, The Chondrilla gall midge Cystiphora schmidti Rübsaamen (Diptera: Cecidomyidae). II. Biology and host specificity. Bulletin of Entomological Research 65: 55‑64.
Caresche LA, Wapshere AJ, 1975, (1975) Biology and host specificity of the Chondrilla root moth Bradyrrhoa gilveolella (Treitschke) (Lepidoptera, Phycitidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research 65: 171‑185.
Groves RH, Williams JD, 1975, Growth of skeleton weed (Chondrilla juncea L.) as affected by growth of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) and infection by Puccinia chondrillina Bubak & Syd. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 26: 975‑983.
Caresche LA, Hasan S, Wapshere AJ, 1974, The biology and host specificity of two aphids Dactynotus chondrillae (Nevsk.) and Chondrillobium blattnyi (Pintera) (Hemiptera) living on Chondrilla juncea L. Bulletin of Entomological Research 64: 277‑288.
Caresche LA, Wapshere AJ, 1974, Biology and host specificity of the Chondrilla gall mite Aceria chondrillae (G. Can.). (Acarina, Eriophyidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research 64: 183‑192.
Hasan S, 1974, Host specialisation of powdery mildew from Chondrilla juncea. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 25: 459‑465.
Hasan S, 1974, First introduction of a rust fungus in Australia for the biological control of skeleton weed. Phytopathology 64: 253‑254.
Wapshere AJ, 1974, Host specificity of phytophagous organisms and the evolutionary centres of plant genera or sub-genera. Entomophaga 19: 301‑309.
Wapshere AJ, 1974, An ecological study of an attempt at biological control of Noogoora Burr (Xanthium strumarium). Aust. J. Agric. Res. 25: 275-292.
Wapshere AJ, 1974, A strategy for evaluating the safety of organisms for biological weed control. Ann. Appl. Biol. 77: 201-211.
Wapshere AJ, 1974, Host specificity of phytophagous organisms and the evolutionary centres of plant genera or sub-genera. Entomophaga,19: 3: 301-309.
Cullen JM, Kable PF, Catt M, 1973, Epidemic spread of a rust imported for biological control. Nature 244: 462‑464.
Hasan S, Wapshere AJ, 1973, The biology of Puccinia chondrillina, a potential biological control agent of skeleton weed. Annals of Applied Biology 74: 325‑332.
Hull VJ, Groves RH, 1973, Variation in Chondrilla juncea L. in south-eastern Australia. Australian Journal of Botany 21: 113‑135.
Hasan S, 1972, Specificity and host specialisation of Puccinia chondrillina. Annals of Applied Biology 72: 257‑263.
Hasan S, Jenkins PT, 1972, The effect of some climatic factors on infectivity of the skeleton weed rust, Puccinia chondrillina. Plant Disease Reporter 56: 858‑860.
Wells GJ (1970) Skeleton weed (Chondrilla juncea) in the Victorian mallee. 2. Effect of legumes on soil fertility and the subsequent wheat crop, and the resultant effect on the weed population. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture and Animal Husbandry 10: 622.
Conference proceedings
Wapshere AJ, Hosking JR, 1993, Biological control of broom, Cytisus scoparius, in Australia. Proc. 10th Aust. and 14th Asian-Pacific Weed Conf. Brisbane 1993; Vol. 1. 94-98. Weed Society of Queensland, Brisbane.
Wapshere AJ, 1992, Comparing methods of selecting effective biocontrol agents for weeds. Proc. 1st Int. Weed Control Congress Melbourne (1992): Vol 2. 557-560. Weed Science Society of Victoria, Melbourne.
Wapshere AJ, 1992, Climate and the prospects for the biological control of weeds: the contrasting examples of agents for Solanum elaeagnifolium and Heliotropium amplexicaule. Pest Control And Sustainable Agriculture Proc. 5th Aust. Applied Ent. Res. Conf. Canberra 1992: Ed. S.A. Corey, D.J. Dall & W.M. Milne: 200-202. CSIRO, Melbourne.
Wapshere AJ, Erb H, Bunster L, 1992, Implications of a preliminary survey on the biological control prospects for the pasture and range-land weed Bathurst burr, Xanthium spinosum in Australia. Proc. VIII Int. Symp. Biol. Control Weeds 1992 Christchurch, New Zealand.
Chaboudez P, Hasan S, Espiau C, 1992, Exploiting the clonal variability of Chondrilla juncea to detect virulent strains of Puccinia chondrillina for use in Australia. In Proceedings of the First Interrnational Weed Control Congress. 17‑21 February 1992, Melbourne, Australia. (Ed. RG Richardson) pp. 118‑121. Weed Science Society Victoria Inc., Melbourne, Australia.
Wapshere AJ, 1990, Discussion of the biological control of crowsfoot grass, (Eleusine indica) in India, Africa and Australia. Proc. 9th Aust. Weeds Conf.: 484-489.
Wapshere AJ, 1990, Aspects of biological control of grass weeds of pastures. Pests Of Pastures Proceedings of Conference on Weed, Invertebrate and Disease Pests of Australian Sheep Pastures. Ed. E.S. Delfosse: 342-346 CSIRO, Melbourne.
Wapshere AJ, 1990, Biological control options for some grass weeds in Australia. Proceedings of Conference on Alternatives to the Chemical Control of Weeds: 80-84. Forest Research Institute, Rotorua, New Zealand.
Wapshere AJ, 1989, Hypotheses concerning the effects of honey-bees on native fauna and flora in national parks and the possibility of experimental confirmation. Proc. 2nd Aust. & Internat.. Bee. Congress. Surfers Paradise 1988: 166-168.
Wapshere AJ, 1987, The possibility of biological control of dodder in Australia. Proc. 8th Aust. Weeds Conf. 100-103
Cullen JM, 1985, Bringing the cost benefit analysis of biological control of Chondrilla juncea up to date. In Proceedings of the VI International Symposium on Biological Control of Weeds. 19‑25 August, Vancouver, Canada. (Ed. ES Delfosse) pp. 145‑152. Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Canada.
Wapshere AJ, 1984, The invasiveness and importance in Australia of weeds from Mediterranean regions of the Old World. Proc. Medecos Symp., Perth.
Wapshere AJ, 1984, The possibilities of biological control of thistles in Australia. Proc. 4th Aust. Appl. Ent. Res. Conf., Adelaide: 324-332.
Wapshere AJ, Cullen JM, 1983, Phenological adaptation of phytophagous organisms in the Mediterranean region to climate and host plant. Proc. Medit. Bioclimatology Symp., Montpellier. Bull. Soc. France. Bot. 131: 375‑379
Wapshere AJ, 1982, Priorities in the selection of agents for the biological control of weeds. Proc. 1982 British Crop Prot. Conf. – Weeds: 779-785
Wapshere AJ, 1981, Recent thoughts on exploration and discovery for biological control of weeds. Proc. V Int. Symp. Biol. Control Weeds, Brisbane: 75-79. Csiro, Melbourne.
Wapshere AJ, 1981, The biological control of Paterson’s curse, Echium plantagineum: Northern Hemisphere studies. Proc. V Int. Symp. Biol. Control Weeds, Brisbane: 599-602. Csiro, Melbourne.
Cullen JM, 1978, Evaluating the success of the programme for the biological control of Chondrilla juncea L. In Proceedings of the IV International Symposium on Biological Control of Weeds. 30 August‑ 2 September 1976. Gainesville, Florida. (Ed. TE Freeman ) pp. 117‑121. University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.
Hasan S, 1978, Studies of new organisms in Iran for the biological control of skeleton weed (Chondrilla juncea). In Proceedings of the IV International Symposium on Biological Control of Weeds. 30 August‑ 2 September 1976. Gainesville, Florida. (Ed. TE Freeman ) pp. 122‑123. University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.
Cullen JM, 1974, Seasonal and regional variation in the success of organisms imported to combat skeleton weed Chondrilla juncea L. in Australia. In Proceedings of the third International Symposium on Biological Control of Weeds. 10‑14 September 1973, Montpellier, France. (Ed. AJ Wapshere) pp. 111‑117. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Slough, UK.
Wapshere AJ, 1974, Towards a science of biological control of weeds. Proc. 3rd Int. Symp. Biol. Control Weeds. C.I.B.C. Misc. Publ. No.8: 3-12.
Wapshere AJ, 1973, Recent work on the assessment of the biological control potential of the Chondrilla juncea organisms. In Proceedings of the second international Symposium on Biological Control of Weeds. 4‑7 October 1971, Rome, Italy (Ed. PH Dunn) pp. 95‑100. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Slough, England.
Caresche LA, 1973, The host specialisation of three insects and a mite living on Chondrilla juncea L. In Proceedings of the second International Symposium on Biological Control of Weeds. 4‑7 October 1971, Rome, Italy (Ed. PH Dunn) pp. 127‑131. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Slough, England.
Hasan S, 1973, The powdery mildews as potential biological control agents of skeleton weed (Chondrilla juncea L.). In Proceedings of the second international Symposium on Biological Control of Weeds. 4‑7 October 1971, Rome, Italy (Ed. PH Dunn) pp. 114‑119. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Slough, England.
Wapshere AJ, 1973, Selection and weed biological control organisms. Proc. 2nd Symp. Biol. Control Weeds. C.I.B.C. Misc. Publ. No.6: 56-61.
Wapshere AJ, 1973, A comparison of strategies for screening biological control organisms. Proc. 2nd Int. Symp. Biol. Control Weeds. C.I.B.C. Misc. Publ. No.6: 151-160.
Wapshere AJ, 1971, The effect of human intervention on the distribution and abundance of Chondrilla juncea L. Proc. Adv. Study Inst. Dynamics Numbers Popul. (Oosterbeek 1970), 469-477.
Wapshere AJ, 1970, The assessment of biological control potential of the organisms attacking Chondrilla juncea L. In Proceedings of the First International Symposium on Biological Control of Weeds. 6‑8 March 1969, Delémont, Switzerland. (Ed. FJ Simmonds) pp. 81‑89. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Slough, England.
Pamphlets
Groves RH, Hull VJ, 1970, Variation in density and cover of Chondrilla juncea L. in south-eastern Australia. Field Station Records of the Division of Plant Industry CSIRO (Australia) 9: 57‑71.
Currie GA, 1936, A report on a survey of weed problems in Australia. Pamphlet Council for. Scientific & Industrial Research Australia No. 60.